Materials Required:
● Digital bulk density apparatus with tapping mechanism
● Analytical balance (accuracy ±0.01 g)
● Graduated measuring cylinders (25 mL, 50 mL, 100 mL)
● Pharmaceutical powder samples (e.g., calcium carbonate, talc, lactose, MCC, starch, mannitol)
● Spatula and funnel
● Petri dishes
● Stopwatch or timer
● Data recording sheets
● Calculator or computer for analysis

Procedure:
● Clean and calibrate the digital bulk density apparatus.
● Select an appropriate measuring cylinder (50 or 100 mL).
● Weigh about 25–50 g of the powder using an analytical balance and record the mass (M).
● Carefully transfer the powder into the cylinder using a funnel, avoiding compaction.
● Record the initial volume (V₀) without tapping.
● Calculate Bulk Density = M / V₀ (g/mL).
● Place the cylinder in the tapped density apparatus and set the tapping count to 500.
● Record the volume after 500 taps. If the change exceeds 2%, continue to 750 and 1250 taps until constant volume (Vf) is achieved.
● Calculate Tapped Density = M / Vf (g/mL).
● Calculate Hausner Ratio = Tapped Density / Bulk Density.
● Calculate Carr’s Index = [(Tapped Density - Bulk Density) / Tapped Density] × 100.
● Record results and compute mean and standard deviation for replicate trials.